Information Technology Ethics Uber Self Driving

Question: Discuss about the Information Technology Ethics for Uber Self Driving. Answer: Introduction The essay depicts the importance of considering ethical aspects while building skills for different intellectual properties. In case of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) the main identified issue is privacy, security etc. The given case study demonstrates that Uber is expanding their car as self driving; however the drivers are not worried about their job (Bourke, 2017). Different ethical theories such as utilitarianism, deontology, virtue and contract can be applied, particularly for this case. Finally the essay illustrates the principle of ethics, that are needed to be maintained the overcome the questionable situation. Background scenario During analyzing the case scenario it has been found that Uber is willing to expand its trial of self driving cars and if the concept become successful in the real world application then, for the taxi industry it will be the biggest threat (Hernandez, 2016). In order to develop the autonomous car that is a Volvo XC90s Uber is currently collaborating with a car marker. This automated robotics system is referred to as very much effective where, all the phases from the car booking up to destination achievement (Alterovitz, Koenig Likhachev, (2014). In this robotics system no driver is required, as soon as a passenger books for a cab, the location tracker will track the location of the passenger and after riding, the car will automatically start driving. In order to monitor the entire system there will be one person sitting beside the seat of the driver. From the visibility aspect there is an extra fitting on the car roof but that is found to be not at all suitable (Bourke, 2017). With the help of laser technology this system has been implemented in the real world application. It is believed that the ride sharing company is completely unable to serve viable mode of transportation. In the future of transportation the self driving will become one of the most important parts of future driving (Tummala et al., 2015). The straight objective of Uber is to become more and more efficient in the competitive market. Uber is testing this service in the street of Pittsburgh and after validation and verification the technological advances in robotics and automation industry will bring worldwide change (Bourke, 2017). However, many ethical issues are associated to these automated systems which are identified in this essay. Ethical theories While analyzing the ethical aspects four major ethical theories are identified and all those theories are strictly associated to the case study of Uber self driving. The identified major ethical theories are utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue and contract (Zohn, 2015). The purpose of using different ethical theories is to guide the technical developers during the investigation session. These theories are discussed below: Utilitarianism This is a consequence based theory, which consists of two principles. The first one is the principle of social utility and the second one is based on the belief that social utility can be calculated by considering the component of happiness procedure (Brodsky, 2016). The ultimate desire of any person is to get happiness in life. The automated robotics technology of self driving which is under the testing period is capable to serve enough happiness to the worldwide passengers (Gurney, 2015). However, the critics have rejected the importance of consequences of individual act. In the everyday activities each and individual actions are referred to be completely unique from one other. In order to guide the behavior of different person this theory is applied. This theory mainly guides the behavior of every individual person. In Uber self driving case study, before implementing the technology in the real world application, the top management team of the organization should make a proper verification phase, which will help them to understand whether the application is helpful to the users or not (Brinkmann, 2013). The IT management team should consider all individual factors to check, whether the technical implementation is ethically correct or not. The moral of this theory is to identify the situation is permissible for the user or not. Deontology The deontology theory is focused on the intention or motivation factors of every individual. The term deontology implies the duty of every individual that is needed to be served by the members who are associated to a particular service (Zwitter, 2013). In Uber case, under the context of contemporary moral technologies, deontology theory is should be applied as this is one of the important of normative theories. This falls under the moral theories of guidance and choices. Different choices are offered to the passengers and to the development team of the organization will helps to understand that whether the service is practical for employees or not. In Uber case study implementation of automated robotics is morally correct, if the technological experts feel confident about their real world application (Demuijnck, 2015). As the application of the robotics is under trail phrase therefore, sill now it is not confirmed that the situation is morally correct. Virtue and contract This theory is based upon the relationship between the user and service provider. It helps to identify, the level of trust between both parties. The technology department of Uber is testing all the aspects of automated robotics, before implementing the technology in the practical practice (Novitzky, 2016). On the other hand, the users are dependent on these technologies. These technological advances are very much beneficial but while considering the ethical aspects it has been found that, the temporary and permanent drivers of Uber are getting replaced by this automation system (Bourke, 2017). This particular theory is used to check, whether the contract between the user and the service provider is ethically correct or not. From the analysis session it has been found that the contract between the service provider and the users are morally correct. Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that, Uber service is still under an ethically questionable situation. As, the technology is under a trial phase thus in the real world application certain issues are identified. The main ethical issue oriented to this system is the replacement of Uber drivers. The number of jobless person will increase at a rapid rate after implementing this application. On the other hand, as this technology is serving in real world for the first time thus, no one is aware of the faults that might occur after implementation or during the maintenance phase. Different ethical theories are applied to understand the situation of the Uber self car. Recommendations In order to develop the system of Uber self driving certain factors are needed to be considered to improve the entire technology. The recommendations to develop the system are as follows: Proper testing: Before implementation of the automated robotics technologies, the software developers must maintain all the stages of testing period. Training and development program: Required training and development programs should be arranged to develop the employees. Better utilization of radar: As the system serves self driving opportunity thus the monitoring and location tracking approach is required to be very efficient in order to avoid accidents. In rural areas if the tracker loss the correct grid then major issues might arise. In order to avoid these problems radar is needed to be implemented. References Alterovitz, R., Koenig, S., Likhachev, M. (2014). Robot planning in the real world: research challenges and opportunities.National Science Foundation. Bourke, L. (2017).Uber expands its self-driving cars but drivers say they aren't worried about being put out of a job. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/technology/innovation/uber-expands-its-selfdriving-cars-but-drivers-say-they-arent-worried-about-being-put-out-of-a-job-20161213-gtaiuh [Accessed 11 Jan. 2017]. Brinkmann, J. (2013). 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